苹果蜡质物质代谢及其调控机制研究进展

苹果表皮蜡质,是覆盖在苹果表面的一层疏水性脂类物质,是苹果应对外界环境变化的第一道屏障,在果实生长发育贮藏保鲜方面起着重要作用。苹果表皮蜡质可以通过减少水分非气孔性散失作用维持苹果的水分平衡,可通过物理阻止和抗菌成分抵抗微生物侵染,还具有减少苹果冷害和病害等作用。本文结合近年来对苹果表皮蜡质的研究从苹果蜡质的生物学意义,不同品种苹果蜡质形态、结构和化学组分,蜡质合成途径及相关酶和基因等方面的研究进展进行了概述,总结了苹果表皮蜡质研究在苹果贮藏保鲜方面的应用,并对研究中存在的问题及前景进行了展望。

Research advances in metabolism and regulation of waxy substances in apple

Apple epidermis wax is a layer of hydrophobic lipids covering the surface of apples. It is the first barrier for apples to cope with changes in the external environment. It plays an important role in fruit growth and storage. Apple epidermis wax can maintain the water balance of apple by reducing the non-porosity of water, can prevent microbial infestation through physical inhibition and antibacterial components, and also reduce the cold damage and disease of apples. This paper overviewed the research on the apple epidermis wax in recent years from the biological significance of apple wax, the research on the morphology, structure and chemical composition of different waxes, wax synthesis pathway and related enzymes and genes, summarized the application of apple epidermis waxy research in apple storage and preservation, and prospected the problems and prospects in the research.