基于GC-QTOF MS技术的浓香型白酒原酒质量等级评价

为了探究更加高效科学的原酒质量等级评价方法,本文以浓香型白酒原酒为研究对象,首先对原酒进行感官定级以及通过气相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱(GC-QTOF MS)定性和定量分析样品中的43种挥发性风味成分。然后对方法的精密度、重复性和稳定性进行考察,并对测定的结果进行因子分析和回归分析。结果表明:三个质量等级等体积混合酒样中43种挥发性风味成分的相对保留时间和含量的RSD均≤2.98%,该方法具有较好的精密度、重复性和60 h以内的稳定性;10个浓香型白酒原酒通过感官品评可以分为3个等级,通过因子分析剔除掉特征值小于1的主成分中最大特征向量对应的变量,结果保留的23种挥发性风味成分也能够将该批次3个等级原酒进行有效分类,并进一步分析建立了浓香型原酒等级数学评判模型Y(感官品评综合得分)=8.2329F(主成分综合得分)+86.4,R2=0.9801,准确率验证为85.71%,可以对此类浓香型原酒样品的3个等级进行初步评价。

Quality Grade Evaluation of Base Liquor of Luzhou-Flavor Liquor Based on GC-QTOF MS Technology

In order to explore more efficient and scientific base liquor quality grade evaluation methods,this study took Luzhou-flavor base liquor as the research object. Firstly,the sensory grading of the base liquor was carried out and the 43 volatile flavor components were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-quadrupole flight time mass spectrometry(GC-QTOF MS). Then the precision,repeatability and stability of the method were investigated and the results were analyzed by factor analysis and regression analysis. The results showed that the RSD≤2.98% of the relative retention time and content of 43 volatile flavor components in the mixed base liquor samples with the same volume of three quality grades and the method had good precision,repeatability and stability within 60 h. Ten Luzhou-flavor base liquors could be divided into three grades by sensory evaluation,and the 23 volatile flavor components were retained by factor analysis to eliminate the variables corresponding to the largest eigenvector in the principal components with the eigenvalue less than 1,which could also be used to effectively classify the 3 grades of base liquor. Then,a mathematical evaluation model of Luzhou-flavor base liquor grade was established by linear regression analysis with the comprehensive score F of principal components as the independent variable and the comprehensive score Y of sensory evaluation as the dependent variable. This model was Y=8.2329 F+86.4(R^2=0.9801),which could preliminarily evaluate the three grades of Luzhou-flavor base liquor samples with the accuracy 85.71%.