双孢蘑菇贮藏保鲜过程中菇体表面的菌相变化

为双孢蘑菇保鲜提供参考,研究4℃贮藏条件下双孢蘑菇菇体表面细菌的种群结构和变化。利用传统的平板分离培养方法以及16S rRNA基因高通量测序方法,对双孢蘑菇表面细菌的菌相变化、相对丰富度以及细菌多样性进行分析。结果表明,传统的分离培养方法分离得到33种细菌,分布于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和细菌门(Bacteriophyta)4个门21个属。高通量测序显示48个属的细菌,隶属于30个门,主要分布于变形菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、厚壁菌门。4℃低温条件下,随贮藏时间延长,菇体表面细菌总数不断增加,优势菌发生变化,菌群丰度有一定增加;假单胞菌(Pseudomonas spp.)是双孢蘑菇保鲜期的优势菌和主要致腐菌。

Changes of Microflora on the Surface of Agaricus bisporus Fruit Body during Chilled Storage

To provide reference for Agaricus bisporus fruit bodies(ABFB)chilled storage,the community,relative abundance and the diversity of bacteria on the surface of ABFB were investigated by the plate separation and the high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene.By the plate separation and culture,33 bacterial species from 4 phyla and 21 genera were isolated and identified.They belonged to Firmicutes,Actinomycetes,Proteobacteria and Bacteriophyta,respectively.Using the high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene,48 bacterial generas from 30 phylas were identified,the majority of them belonged to Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Planctomycetes,Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes,respectively.During 4℃storage,the total number of colonies from the surface of ABFB increased with the storage time,and so was the abundance of bacteria.The predominant bacteria also changed with the storage time,and Pseudomonas spp.became the dominant spoilage bacterium of ABFB.