水轮机顶盖的可靠性设计计算

顶盖是水轮机中起支撑与过流双重作用的重要部件,其刚、强度及其可靠性在一定程度上影响、甚至确定整台机组运行的安全、稳定性.但在其刚、强度设计中,目前因为大多数水力机组制造厂家仍沿用传统的安全系数法,而该方法没有把机械可靠性的理念引入到设计中,忽略了顶盖工作过程中许多不确定的因素,不能准确反映该部件工作中的可靠程度和寿命,因而,已不能满足科技发展的要求.针对水轮机顶盖的机械可靠性问题,分别运用传统机械设计方法和机械可靠性设计方法进行了计算,给出了两种计算结果的比较分析.实例计算结果表明,采用机械可靠性设计方法所得的结果更准确,更接近于水轮机的实际工作状况,保证其可靠度和寿命.

The Reliability Design and Calculation of Hydraulic Turbine Head Cover

The turbine head cover is an important component playing the dual role of supporting and loaded-flow. Strength and reliability of head cover, to some extent, determine the safety and stability of the whole system. But in the strength design, as most manufacturers of hydraulic turbine are still using the traditional safety factor method, and mechanical reliability is also not introduced to the concept of design, which leads to many uncertain factors being overlooked in the working process, at the same time, the reliability and lifespan of the working process are not accurately reflected. Thus, this method has been unable to meet the need of development .The mechanical reliability of the hydraulic turbine head cover has been designed and calculated with the tradition machine design method and the mechanical reliability design method, respectively. By analyzing the computed results, the design method of mechanical reliability is to be more accurate and closer to the actual project, compared to the tradition machine design method. All results have a practical significance to improving the reliability of hydraulic turbine head cover.