复杂场景下单通道SAR目标检测及鉴别研究进展综述

SAR作为一种主动式微波成像传感器，以其全天时、全天候、作用距离远等独特的技术优势，成为当前对地观测的主要手段之一，在军事和民用领域发挥着十分重要的作用。随着SAR遥感技术的发展，高分辨率、高质量的SAR图像不断产生，仅依靠人工手段对感兴趣的目标进行检测、识别费时费力，因此亟需发展SAR自动目标识别(ATR)技术。典型的SAR ATR系统主要包括检测、鉴别、分类/识别3个阶段，其中，检测和鉴别阶段是整个SAR ATR系统的基础，是国内外雷达界一直开展的SAR应用基础研究之一。针对单通道SAR图像，简单场景下目标检测与鉴别已经取得了不错的结果；而在复杂场景下，杂波散射强度相对高、杂波背景非均匀和目标散射强度相对弱、分布密集等情况，使得SAR目标检测和鉴别依然是一个难点。该文对近十年左右复杂场景下单通道SAR目标检测及鉴别方法的研究进展进行了归纳总结，并分析了各类方法的特点及存在的问题，展望了未来复杂场景下单通道SAR目标检测与鉴别方法的发展趋势。 

Survey of Research Progress on Target Detection and Discrimination of Single-channel SAR Images for Complex Scenes

As an active microwave imaging sensor,Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)has become one of the main means of Earth observation owing to its unique technical advantages of all-day,all-weather operation and long working distance.As such,it plays a very important role in military and civilian fields.With the development of SAR remote-sensing technology,high-resolution,high-quality SAR images are produced continuously.However,manual detection and recognition of targets of interest is time-consuming and laborious,so the development of Automatic Target Recognition(ATR)technology is a matter of urgency.The typical SAR ATR system primarily comprises three stages:detection,discrimination,and classification/recognition.The detection and discrimination stages are the basis of the SAR ATR system,and research on SAR applications in the radar field has been conducted by researchers around the world.For single-channel SAR images,target detection and discrimination from simple scenes yield good results.However,in complex scenes,the clutter scattering intensity is relatively high,the clutter background is heterogenous,the target scattering intensity is relatively weak,and the target distribution is dense.These factors continue to make accurate SAR target detection and discrimination difficult.In this paper,we summarize the recent research progress on singlechannel SAR target detection and discrimination methods for complex scenes,analyze the characteristics and problems associated with various methods,and consider the future development trend of single-channel SAR target detection and discrimination methods for complex scenes.