等离子喷涂技术在骨植入体表面改性中的研究进展

金属植入体材料已广泛用于各种硬组织相关疾病的治疗,但金属植入体表面的骨整合和抗菌能力不足,往往导致临床植入手术失败。表面改性能够在保持金属材料优异力学性能的同时,针对性地改善其表面特性,目前广泛用于解决金属植入体存在的骨整合能力差和缺乏抗菌性能等问题。在众多表面改性技术中,等离子喷涂因性价比高、工艺成熟、原料可选择范围广及可大规模生产等优点,目前已在人工关节和牙种植体表面改性方面获得商业化应用。从提高植入体成骨活性、抗感染能力及骨免疫调节能力等方面介绍等离子喷涂技术的优势及其在金属植入体表面改性方面的研究进展,阐述等离子喷涂技术在优化骨科植入体表面化学性质方面的优势,并重点讨论等离子喷涂技术在制备和调控植入体表面纳米结构方面的潜在应用价值,为植入体表面设计提供借鉴。还结合课题组前期在等离子喷涂技术领域的相关工作,提出关于等离子喷涂技术在骨植入体表面改性方面的新思路。

Recent Progress in the Surface Modification of Bone Implant Using Plasma Spraying Technique

Metallic implants have been widely used in the treatment of a variety of hard tissue-related diseases. However, the currently used metallic implants lack strong osteointegration and antimicrobial ability,which often leads to the implant failure. Surface modification can not only maintain the excellent bulk properties of the metal material, but also improve their surface properties. At present, surface modification has been widely used to improve the osseointegration and endow the implant with promising antibacterial functions. Among many surface modification technologies, plasma spraying has been applied commercially in surface modification of artificial joints and dental implants due to its technical maturity, high quality controllability, applicability to a wide range of raw materials and ability of continuous production, etc. In this review, the advantages of plasma spraying technology and its recent research progress in surface modification of metallic implants were introduced from aspects of improving osteogenic activity, providing antibacterial functions and enhancing bone immunomodulation ability of the implant, and the advantages of plasma spraying technology in optimizing surface chemical properties of orthopedic implants were described. The advantages and potential application of plasma spraying technology in the fabrication and modulation of surface nanostructures of the coating were discussed, which could provide new reference for the surface design of biomedical implants. In addition, combined with our work related to plasma spray related to biomedical coatings, some perspectives about new possible application of plasma spraying technology in enhancing the performance of bone implants were proposed.