Incorporating carbon sequestration materials in civil infrastructure: A micro and nano-structural analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States;2. Calera Corporation, Los Gatos, CA 95032, United States;3. Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK;4. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States;5. School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, United States;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China;2. Nanjing Haoqi Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211300, China;1. SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Kongu Engineering College, Department of Civil Engineering, Tamil Nadu, India;1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong;2. Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China;1. College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, China;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong |
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| Abstract: | The Calera method for carbon sequestration promotes carbon mineralization through aqueous precipitation. This work reports a comprehensive analysis on a carbonate obtained by the Calera process to evaluate its suitability as a cement replacement for concrete applications. This work focuses on the analysis of two hydrated cement pastes made with a blend of Portland cement and Calera carbonates by various advanced analytical techniques. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) was used to observe microstructures and determine elemental compositions. The synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique combined with Rietveld analysis were applied to identify constituent phases and refine crystal structures, crystallite sizes as well as relative phase abundances. Calcite and vaterite are observed in all samples while CSH II and portlandite are dominant in the cement pastes. Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectrometry and Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) experiments were conducted to investigate chemical speciation and morphological information of carbonate minerals with different absorption energies. STXM results confirmed heterogeneity of the samples, and also provided a nano-scale phase map across multiple particles. Differential Thermogravimetric (DTG) was used to observe heat transfer through structures and changes in mass upon heating. A compressive strength tests were performed on materials and shown comparable strength to Portland cement. |
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| Keywords: | Calcium carbonate Carbon sequestration Cement Concrete Microstructure |
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