Determination of support pressure for tunnels and caverns using block theory |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Physics & Materials Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People''s Republic of China;2. School of Science, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, People''s Republic of China;3. Tianjin International Joint Research Centre of Surface Technology for Energy Storage Materials, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People''s Republic of China;1. Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China;2. The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575 Singapore, Singapore;4. Deepwater Technological Centre, Det Norske Veritas Pte Ltd., 118224 Singapore, Singapore;5. Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore;6. Maritime Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore, Singapore;1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China;2. Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Architectural Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;3. Geotechnical & Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;1. Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;2. Institute of Gravitation and Cosmology, Department of Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China;3. Department of Physics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
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| Abstract: | The estimation of support requirements to stabilize underground structures is of prime importance for rational design of these structures. The characterizing parameters of rock mass may vary with depth. Determination of these parameters by drilled cores and Ground-Probing-Radar (GPR) is difficult and expensive due to anisotropy of rock mass. Laboratory testing is also expensive. Also the in situ conditions are difficult to simulate in the laboratory. The designer is thus resorting to empirical methods and analytical methods to determine these parameters. Often, the analytical techniques may mesmerize the designer to feel the problem and its solution on the screen of the computer. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop algorithm based on Block Theory with geological information & mechanical properties of rock for determining the rock pressure. Limitations of this technique are number of joint sets not less than three and width of the opening up to 25 m. The algorithm determines all the wedges formed at a time by 3, 4, 5, 6, …, n joint planes with excavation plane responsible for manifestation of rock pressure at roof/wall. All the permutations and combinations for wedge formation can be considered in this respect. Rock pressure for design is determined for reinforcement of the underground openings. Spacing of rock bolts is found out as an additional feature. The alignment of the opening for optimal reinforcement can also be determined. Case history of Tehri Power House, India is taken up for analysis. The empirical correlations developed by Goel (1994) are used for comparative study. It was found that no appreciable rock pressure was developed at walls. Roof pressure is determined to be 140 kPa, which is almost same as observed. It is thus established that block theory may be applicable for design criterion up to depth of 500 m. |
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| Keywords: | Key blocks Factor of safety Rock pressure Block theory Load cell Rock bolt Rib |
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