基于生物多样性保育的采煤塌陷区生态修复模式

以山东省兖州煤田邹城市太平采煤塌陷区为例,在多年调查研究基础上,分析太平采煤塌陷区新生湿地生物多样性特征及变化趋势,结合动态塌陷特点,重点针对生物多样性保护,探索基于自然的解决方案、以塌陷区新生湿地生物多样性保育为核心的生态修复技术.从生态系统整体设计与修复的角度,提出了6种基于生物多样性保育的采煤塌陷区生态修复模式,...

Ecological Restoration Model of Coal Mining Subsidence Area Based on Biodiversity Conservation

Taking the Taiping coal mining subsidence area in Zoucheng city of Yanzhou coalfield, Shandong Province as an example, this research, based on years of investigation and researches, analyzes the ecological status and biodiversity change characteristics of the newly created wetland in Taiping coal mining subsidence area. Incorporating the characteristics of dynamic collapse, it explores the ecological restoration technologies Nature-based Solutions while taking the biodiversity conservation of newly created wetland in the subsidence area as the core. From the perspective of overall ecosystem design and restoration, it gives an innovative technical framework for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration in coal mining subsidence areas. It proposes six ecological restoration models in coal mining subsidence areas based on biodiversity conservation, including dynamic design conforming to the collapse time rhythm, spatial structure design based on habitat unit, composite design of terrain-sediment, integrated design of above water and underwater, collaborative design of animals and plants, multi-functional habitats design, and carries out relevant ecological restoration practices. The results show that ecological restoration in coal mining subsidence areas based on biodiversity conservation yields obvious comprehensive benefits. The restored coal mining subsidence areas become a symbiotic system with rich diversity and multi species cooperation, a dynamic landscape system integrating forest and water, and provide rich and diverse ecological products. The research results provide scientific basis and technical reference for biodiversity protection and ecosystem restoration design in coal mining subsidence areas.