萃取法从高盐废液中分离铷铯并制备氯化铯产品

采用t-BAMBP－磺化煤油系配置的有机相对含铷、铯的高盐废液进行除钾试验，然后进行萃取分离试验，分别探索了硫酸铝用量与pH对除钾的影响，萃取过程中料液pH、萃取剂浓度、萃取时间、萃取相比、萃取级数对铷、铯萃取率，以及洗涤过程中洗涤相比、洗涤级数对铷铯洗脱率的影响。研究表明，料液pH=12.5、萃取相比O/A=1、选用1 mol/L萃取剂在室温下萃取5 min，铯萃取率可达99.95%。对高盐废液进行11级萃取(6级萃取、3级洗涤、2级反萃)连续试验，有机相中铯萃取率达99%以上，65%的铷留在水相中，可以较好地将铷与铯分离。最终制备出纯度98.3%的氯化铯产品。

Separation of Rubidium and Cesium from High Salt Waste Liquid by Extraction and Preparation of Cesium Chloride Products

Potassium removal test was carried out on high-salt concentration waste solution containing rubidium and cesium by t-BAMBP sulfonated kerosene organic system, and then experimental study on extraction separation was carried out. Effects of aluminum sulfate dosage and pH value on potassium removal were explored. Effects of pH value, extractant concentration, extraction time, extraction phase ratio and extraction order on extraction rate of rubidium and cesium during extraction, and effects of washing ratio and washing order on elution rate of rubidium and cesium in washing process were investigated. The results show that extraction rate of cesium can reach 99.95% when pH value of the material solution is 12.5, extraction ratio is O/A=1, and extracted at room temperature for 5 min with 1 mol/L extractant. The 11-stage extraction (6-stage extraction, 3-stage washing, and 2-stage stripping) continuous test was carried out on high-salt concentration waste solution. Extraction rate of cesium in organic phase is 99% above, and 65% of rubidium remains in aqueous phase, which rubidium and cesium can be well separated. Finally, cesium chloride product with 98.3% purity is prepared.