冷冻南美白对虾新型镀冰衣工艺优化研究

目的 优化冷冻南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)虾仁新型镀冰衣工艺。方法 采用单因素试验探究羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC-Na)、海藻酸钠、高酰基结冷胶、低酰基结冷胶对南美白对虾的镀冰衣形成的影响,以及异抗坏血酸钠、柠檬酸和二氧化氯(ClO₂)添加量对南美白对虾保鲜效果的影响;利用响应面法对以异抗坏血酸、柠檬酸和ClO₂为原料的冷冻虾仁复合冰衣液进行优化。建立以菌落总数和白度为响应值的二次多项式回归模型,经方差分析和回归拟合,得到最佳复合冰衣液条件。结果 在镀冰衣过程中,与CMC-Na、海藻酸钠、高酰基结冷胶相比, 0.15%低酰基结冷胶形成冰衣量较为稳定,对冷冻虾仁的保护效果较好;异抗坏血酸钠、柠檬酸、ClO₂的添加量分别为0.8、0.4和0.04 g/L时,对冷冻虾仁的护色效果及杀菌效果最佳。冷冻虾仁最佳复合冰衣液条件为:柠檬酸、异抗坏血酸钠、ClO₂的添加量分别为0.40、0.75、0.04 g/L。结论 0.15%低酰基结...

Optimization of new ice-coating technology for frozen Penaeus vannamei

In order to explore the preservation effect of different ice-coating solutions, iso-ascorbic acid, citric acid and ClO2 (ClO2) on Penaeus vannamei, the ratio of compound ice coating with iso-ascorbic acid, citric acid and ClO2 as raw materials was determined, so as to achieve the best microorganism control effect and guarantee the quality of shrimp. In this study, single factor experiment and response surface methodology were used to optimize the ratio of shrimp composite ice-coating liquid. The total number of colonies, color and antioxidant ability were used to evaluate the preservation effect. A quadratic polynomial regression model was established to divide the response value into the total rating. The optimal mass fraction of composite icing liquid was obtained by variance analysis and regression fitting. The results showed that the ice-coating amount was closely related to soaking time, temperature of frozen storage and water temperature of ice coating. In the process of ice coating, when the mass concentration of low acyl gellan gel was 0.15%, the ice coating quantity was relatively stable, and the protection effect of frozen shrimp was better. When the concentration of citric acid is 0.4 g/L, sodium isascorbate is 0.75 g/L, and chlorine dioxide is 0.04 g/L, the optimal conditions of anti-bacterial effect and anti-oxidant activity can be achieved. The experiment provides a theoretical basis for the development of new ice coating technology.