梳齿式自动仿形残膜捡拾机的设计及性能试验

为使设计的残膜捡拾机适合山区垄作烟地、能实现自动仿形并有较高的捡拾性能。设计了分段自动仿形的梳齿安装架，分析得到弹齿的最佳入土角范围为15°~45°。利用正交试验方法，以梳齿间距（横向A、纵向B）及机具行进速度（C）为研究对象，分析各因素对收膜率及积土量的影响。试验结果表明在无垄地机具的最佳结构为横向齿间距（90 mm、70 mm和50 mm），纵向齿间距440 mm，机具在低速（3.5 km/h）状态下积土量较小，在高速（7.5 km/h）状态下捡拾率提高。在有垄地的最佳结构为横向齿间距（180 mm、140 mm和50 mm），纵向齿间距为440 mm，机具在高速（7.5 km/h）状态下积土量较小，在低速（3.5km/h）状态下捡拾率提高。 

Design and performance test of comb-type automatic profling residual flm collecting machine

In order to design a residual film collecting machine suitable for mountainous area and to achieve automatic profiling and high performance efficiency, a segmented automatic comb mounts was designed and the best angle of elastic claw to get into ground was set to 15°~45°. Orthogonal experiments in different fields were carried out in order to analyze how crosswise separated distance (A), longitudinal separated distance (B) of two comb teeth and speed of machine (C) affect collecting efficiency and amount of soil. Results showed that under no ridge environment, the optimal crosswise separated distance between two comb teeth was 90mm, 70mm and 50mm, the optimal longitudinal separated distance between two comb teeth was 440mm, the amount of soil was small at low speed (3.5km/h), and the collecting efficiency was improved at high speed (7.5km/h). However, if there were ridges in tobacco fields, results showed that the optimal crosswise separated distance between two comb teeth was 180mm, 140mm and 50mm, the optimal longitudinal separated distance between two comb teeth was 440mm, the amount of soil was small at low speed (3.5km/h), and the collecting efficiency was improved at high speed (7.5km/h). This paper provides a theoretical and experimental reference for structure design of comb-teeth profile collecting machine.