Systems information and effective action

Two types of problem may be associated with systems information: insufficient information or too much of it. Either way, effective action is unlikely. Action and effect are concepts belonging to the idea of sequentiality: first action, then the effect. If there is a perceptible effect, there must have been an action. Effective action is aimed at a specific purpose or goal: in other words, it is planned action. Problems in the exchange of information are examined, and it is suggested how action should be made more effective.