基于经验模态分解的载货汽车载荷动态检测策略研究

针对载货汽车载荷动态检测问题，仿真分析了汽车不同车速和载荷状态下悬架的动态特性。基于车辆载荷与悬架变量的关系，设计了一种高精度带过载保护的汽车载荷动态检测装置，采用经验模态分解法（Emprical Mode Decomposition，EMD）构建了汽车载荷动态检测装置数据处理算法。以解放赛龙Ⅱ载货汽车为试验车、MC9S12XEP100单片机为车载终端构建了车辆载荷动态检测试验平台，并对系统进行了静态标定和动态检测试验。试验结果表明：该装置在试验车车速为40和60km/h、装载量分别为空载、半载和满载状态下对车辆总重检测结果误差均小于5.0%；车速为90km/h、相同装载量状态下，检测结果误差分别为3.12%，7.616%和6.75%；由此可见，随着试验车速增大，该装置对车辆载荷动态检测精度波动范围增大，但是总体满足工程的实际需求，它为车辆载荷动态实时检测提供了一种新方法。

Dynamic detection strategy of vehicle load based on EMD

For the dynamic detection of vehicle load, the dynamic performance of vehicle suspension under different operating conditions was simulated using Matlab/Simulink. Based on the relationship of vehicle load and deformation of suspension, a high accuracy detection device with overload protection function was developed based on displacement sensor and a data processing algorithm for the output signal of displacement sensor was built with the emprical mode decomposition (EMD). The testing platform was established with Jie-Fang Sailong heavy truck and Freescale MC9S12XEP10 microcontrollers. The calibration and dynamic test with different loads at different speeds were conducted to analyze the accuracy of system. The test results show that this system can accurately measure the load of test vehicle under no-load, half of the fixed load and the fixed load at different speeds of 40 and 60 km/h and measurement errors are less than 5.0%; The measurement errors are respectively 3.12%, 7.616% and 6.75% for the same loads at speed of 90 km/h; So the fluctuation of measurement errors increase wtih speed. This method provides a new technology for dynamic detection of overload.