Biodiesel emissions profile in modern diesel vehicles. Part 2: Effect of biodiesel origin on carbonyl, PAH, nitro-PAH and oxy-PAH emissions |
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Authors: | Karavalakis Georgios Boutsika Vasiliki Stournas Stamoulis Bakeas Evangelos |
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Affiliation: | a Laboratory of Fuels Technology and Lubricants, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str. Zografou Campus, 157 80, Athens, Greeceb Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Athens, Greece |
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Abstract: | In the present study, the effects of different biodiesel blends on the unregulated emissions of a Euro 4 compliant passenger car were examined. Two fresh and two oxidized biodiesel fuels of different source materials were blended with an ultra low sulphur automotive diesel fuel at proportions of 10, 20, and 30% v/v. Emission measurements were conducted on a chassis dynamometer with a constant volume sampling (CVS) technique, over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and the Artemis driving cycles. The experimental results revealed that the addition of biodiesel led to important increases in most carbonyl compounds. Sharp increases were observed with the use of the oxidized biodiesel blends, especially those prepared from used frying oil methyl esters. Similar to carbonyl emissions, most PAH compounds increased with the addition of the oxidized biodiesel blends. It can be assumed that the presence of polymerization products and cyclic acids, along with the degree of unsaturation were the main factors that influenced carbonyl and PAH emissions profile. |
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Keywords: | Biodiesel emissions Oxidized biodiesel Carbonyls PAH Driving cycles Vehicles |
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