发泡聚氨酯的制备及吸声性能

为降低噪声污染对环境的影响，本实验通过热压发泡法制备了吸声性能良好的发泡聚氨酯材料。研究了发泡剂用量对发泡聚氨酯的泡孔结构、吸声性能和阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:发泡聚氨酯材料内部随发泡剂添加量的增加逐渐产生闭孔、开孔等孔隙结构，丰富的孔隙结构具有较好的吸声效果。其中发泡剂质量分数为18%的发泡聚氨酯材料吸声效果较好，平均吸声系数为0.447。但发泡聚氨酯材料中泡孔结构使其内部结构变得疏松，导致其阻尼性能下降。

Preparation and Sound Absorption Properties of Foamed Polyurethane

To reduce the environmental impact of noise pollution，the foamed polyurethane materials with good sound absorption property were prepared by hot pressing foaming method. The effects of the content of the foaming agent on the pore structures，sound absorption property and damping property of the foamed polyurethane materials were studied. The results show that the pore structures of closed cells and opening pores gradually form in the foamed polyurethane materials with increasing the amount of foaming agent，and a variety of pore structures have good sound absorption performances. The foamed polyurethane material with a foaming agent mass fraction of 18% has better sound absorption ability，and the average sound absorption coefficient is 0.447. However，the inside structure of the foamed polyurethane materials becomes loose due to its pore structure，leading to the decrease of the damping property.