2015—2017年河南省食源性疾病致泻大肠埃希菌监测情况分析

目的 了解河南省食源性疾病致泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)的致病型和分布情况,为食源性疾病的防控提供参考数据。方法 对哨点医院食源性疾病患者的粪便标本进行DEC检测,确定致病型和毒力基因。结果 4 137份粪便标本有215份DEC阳性,阳性检出率为5.2%,其中有4份标本是不同型别的DEC混合感染。共分离DEC菌株219株,其中肠聚集性大肠埃希菌(EAEC)156株,产肠毒素大肠埃希菌(ETEC)28株,肠致病性大肠埃希菌(EPEC)28株,肠出血性大肠埃希菌(EHEC)2株,肠侵袭性大肠埃希菌(EIEC)5株。215例阳性病例中,5岁以下儿童有95例,占比为44.2%。DEC病例在6月和10月有一个发病的高峰,在其他月份均有检出。可疑暴露食品中,由肉与肉制品、乳与乳制品引发的病例分别为34和31例,占比分别为17.3%(34/196)和15.8%(31/196)。结论 河南省食源性疾病DEC基因型中,EAEC占比最高,感染以5岁以下儿童为主,全年均有检出,夏秋季多发,肉与肉制品、乳与乳制品引发病例较多。

Surveilance of diarrheogenic Escherechia coli in foodborne diseases in Henan,2015-2017

Objective To investigate the pathogenic types and distribution of diarrheogenic Escherichia coli (DEC) from foodborne diseases in Henan Province, and provide reference data for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods Fecal specimens from patients with foodborne diseases in sentinel hospitals were examined for DEC to determine pathogenic and virulent genes. Results 215 of 4 137 stool specimens were positive, and the positive rate was 5.2%. Four of them were mixed DEC infection of different types. 219 strains of DEC were isolated, including 156 strains of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), 28 strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), 28 strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), 2 strains of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), and 5 strains of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC). 95 cases of patients were between 0 and 5 years old, with the proportion of 44.2%. DEC cases had a peak in June and October, but was found all year round. In terms of suspicious food exposure, 34 cases were caused by meat and meat products, 31 cases by milk and dairy products, accounting for 17.3% (34/196) and 15.8% (31/196) respectively. Conclusion The genotype of DEC in foodborne diseases in Henan was mainly EAEC. Infection was mainly in children under 5 years old. It occurs frequently in summer and autumn. Meat and meat products, milk and dairy products caused more cases.