纳米表面工程的进展与展望

表面工程经历了传统表面工程、复合表面工程、纳米表面工程三个发展阶段。获得纳米表面层的基本途径是表面气相沉积法、表面自身纳米化法和表面纳米涂覆法。目前已进入实用阶段的纳米表面工程技术有纳米热喷涂技术、纳米电刷镀技术、纳米减摩自修复技术、纳米固体润滑技术、纳米粘接技术、纳米薄膜气相沉积技术、纳米涂装技术以及金属表面纳米化加工技术。纳米表面工程是先进制造技术和再制造工程的重要组成部分，又为先进制造技术与再制造工程的发展提供了技术支持。纳米表面工程对提高机电产品性能和质量、降低材料消耗以及节约能源、保护环境有重要意义。扩充其实现途径，扩展其与传统表面工程的复合，扩大其工业应用是纳米表面工程发展的重要方向。

PROGRESS AND PROSPECT OF NANO-MATERIALS SURFACE ENGINEERING

Surface engineering has gone through three stages: traditional surface engineering, composite surface engineering and nano-materials surface engineering. The basic methods obtaining the nano-surfaces are gas depositing, surface nano-crystallized and nano-coated. By now the practical nano-materials surface engineering includes the techniques as follows: nano-films depositing, nano-materials thermal spraying, nano-materials electric brush plating, nano-materials self-repaired antifriction, solid lubrication nano-films, nano-materials gluing, nano-materials painting and metal surface nano-crystallized. Nano-materials surface engineering is the key component for advanced manufacturing and remanufacturing engineering, and that provides the technological supports to the development of advanced manufacturing and remanufacturing engineering. Nano-materials surface engineering is significant in promoting the properties and qualities of electromechanical products, decreasing the cost of materials, conserving energy and protecting environments. It is the important development trend for nano-materials surface engineering that enlarging the implementation methods of nano-surfaces, further extending the compounding between nano-materials surface engineering and traditional surface engineering, and broadening the industrial application of nano-materials surface engineering.