Resolving the unresolved complex mixture in motor oils using high-performance liquid chromatography followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography |
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Authors: | D. Mao H. Van De Weghe R. Lookman N. De Brucker |
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Affiliation: | a Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium b Department of Biology, University of Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium |
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Abstract: | High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) was used for detailed group-type characterization of hydrocarbons present in motor oils. With conventional GC, motor oil is not well separated due to its complexity, resulting in a “hump” in the chromatogram: the unresolved complex mixture (UCM). With HPLC-GC×GC, motor oil hydrocarbons can be quantitatively separated into four major groups: alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes and aromatics. Each group can be further separated and divided by ring number or carbon number. Three selected motor oil samples were characterized by HPLC-GC×GC including two conventional motor oils and a synthetic motor oil. Using a proprietary silver-modified HPLC column, the aromatic components in motor oils were baseline separated from the aliphatic UCM and were then further separated by GC×GC based on their aromatic ring numbers. Accordingly, the aliphatic components were separated by GC×GC based on their saturated ring numbers. This paper illustrates the capabilities of HPLC-GC×GC for reliable and detailed quantitative group-type characterization of hydrocarbons present in motor oils. |
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Keywords: | Motor oil HPLC GC× GC Group-type separation Unresolved complex mixture |
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