基于UAV的移动物联网远距离通信节能策略研究

针对应急移动物联网在缺少地面基站的情况下，可靠节能地远距离传输重点区域全信息的要求，本文将无人机（Unmanned Aerial Vehicle，UAV）作为空基通信平台，研究应急移动物联网应用中大规模移动物联网设备能量受限条件下的远距离通信问题，提出基于无人机的移动物联网远距离通信节能策略.首先，对该类物联网进行系统建模；其次，根据所建模型中地面设备无序立体地分散于重点区域的特点，通过优化无人机的布署位置，在提供可靠通信的同时，降低地面设备的通信耗能；再次，根据地面设备运动性能强、活动范围广的特点，通过研究无人机与地面移动设备的联合运动策略，避免无人机频繁换簇覆盖所引起的远距离移动等大运动状态变化问题，实现无人机的移动节能.最后，通过实验，从通信耗能和运动耗能两方面验证了本文所提策略的有效性.

Research on the Energy Saving Strategy for Long Distance Communication of Mobile Internet of Things Based on UAVs

Emergency needs full information.To transfer it from the disaster area without the ground base station needs a quick and a reliable network.It is a good solution to use emergency mobile Internet of Things (emIoT).This type of IoT is energy efficient and suit for long-distance transmission.Consider UAVs as an air-based communication platform.We researched on the long-distance communication in emIoT with mass mobile energy-constrained devices.An energy saving strategy based on UAVs is proposed.First,model this type of IoT.Second,according to the disorderly scattered ground devices in the stereo disaster area,the strategy optimizes UAVs deployment.It can provide a reliable communication and reduce the energy consumption of the communication at the same time.Third,given the ground equipment moves randomly and widely.A joint motion pattern about UAVs and ground mobile devices was analyzed.It avoids long-distance moving caused by frequent changes of cluster coverage with UAVs and reduces the mobile energy.Finally,from transferring to moving energy-saving,the effect of the proposed strategy is verified through experiments.