黄金峡水利枢纽高水头过鱼建筑物设计

黄金峡水利枢纽鱼道的最高运行水头为45.50 m,上游水位的变化幅度达10 m,属于高水头过鱼建筑物。根据过鱼对象的种类、习性和游泳能力,过鱼建筑物选用带同侧竖缝式隔板的"U"型槽式鱼道,并通过水力学计算得出了鱼道池室的结构尺寸,同时为适应上游水位的变化,鱼道布置了5个出鱼口。为了分析鱼道布置方案的合理性,建立鱼道进口、集鱼系统整体模型和鱼道局部模型,模拟得出了鱼道进鱼口周边区域的流速分布、过鱼池水力学特性等。试验结果表明,鱼道进鱼口区域的流场分布适宜鱼类上溯至进鱼口,过鱼池的水力学条件满足符合过鱼对象顺利上溯的要求,设计方案是合理的。

Design of high-head fish-pass structure for Huangjinxia Water Control Project

The fish-way of Huangjinxia Water Control Project belongs to a high-head fish-pass structure with the maximum operation water head of 45.5 m and the fluctuation amplitude of the upstream water level up to 10 m. In accordance with the species，behaviors and swimming abilities of the object fish，the U type trough fish-way with the clapboard of vertical joints on the same side is selected for the fish-pass structure，and then the structural dimension of the chamber of the fish-way is obtained through the relevant hydraulic calculation. For adapting to the fluctuation of the upstream water level，5 fish-outlets are arranged for the fish-way. In order to analyze the reasonability of the layout scheme for the fish-way，the integrated models of the fish-way inlet and the fish collection system as well as the partial model of the fish-way are built up，thus the velocity distribution of the surrounding area of the fish-way inlet，the hydraulic characteristics of the fish-pass pool，etc. are obtained through the simulation. The experiment result shows that the flow field distribution in the area of the fish-way inlet is suitable for fish passing upwards to the fish-way inlet，while the hydraulic condition of the fish-pass pool meets the requirement of the smooth upwards passing of the object fish as well，and then the design scheme is reasonable.