离子液体中电化学还原CO2研究评述与展望

近百年来，伴随着矿石燃料的大量消耗，CO₂的排放量剧增，引发了全球性的生态环境和社会问题。CO₂同时也是廉价且可再生的碳资源，可作为生产醇、醚、酸、酯等重要化工品的原料。在众多吸引力十足的CO₂利用路线中，作为清洁、可控的反应过程，电化学还原固定CO₂技术在温和条件下生产化学品方面具有独特的优势。离子液体以其特有的性质被广泛用于电化学还原CO₂过程，本文对目前国内外离子液体介质中电化学还原CO₂的研究现状进行了综述，介绍了离子液体介质中电化学还原CO₂的主要反应及基本原理；针对离子液体对CO₂高效活化和转化等关键科学问题进行深入探讨，提出新型功能化离子液体的应用将成为CO₂电化学还原领域的发展方向和热点。

Review and prospect of CO2 electro-reduction in ionic liquids

The increasing emission of carbon dioxide (CO₂) caused by unrestrained consumption of fossil fuel in recent hundred years has created globally ecological, environmental, and social problems. On the other hand, CO₂ is also a cheap, abundant and renewable C₁-feedstock, which can be converted into alcohols, ethers, acids and other chemicals. Compared to many other CO₂ recycle techniques, electrochemical reduction of CO₂ is more attractive for its clean and controllable process to produce chemicals under mild conditions. This review summarized recent research progresses in electrochemical reduction of CO₂ in ionic liquid (ILs) electrolytes. First, major reactions and mechanism of CO₂ electro-reaction in ILs were introduced. Then, scientific challenges of ILs on efficient CO₂ activation and conversion were discussed. Finally, the application of new functional ILs should be taken as future research focus in CO₂ electrochemical reduction.