小米粥油的制备及抑菌和吸附内毒素作用研究

本文以抑菌圈大小为评价指标,采用正交法优化小米粥油制备工艺；真空冷冻干燥技术制备小米粥油粉。采用牛津杯法测定小米粥油对金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、大肠埃希菌、痢疾志贺菌、肺炎克雷伯菌的抑制活性。平板涂布法确定其对供试菌种的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),评估其抑菌能力,同时通过测定生长曲线、核酸含量分析、电导率变化,探究了其抑菌机理；使用鲎试剂显色基质法检验小米粥油粉吸附细菌内毒素作用。结果表明：小米粥油在浸泡时间30 min,料液比1:20(g/mL),熬煮时间25 min条件下,小米粥油对致病菌的抑菌圈最大；小米粥油对金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾志贺菌和肺炎克雷伯菌有一定的抑菌作用,小米粥油对金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾志贺菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)即料液比均为1:20；小米粥油对供试菌体生长具有抑制作用,且粥油会使细菌胞体内物质外泄导致菌悬液核酸含量增加、菌悬液电导率增加、菌体死亡；因此小米粥油具有良好的抑菌能力。在最佳工艺条件与真空冷冻干燥技术下制备的小米粥油粉具有良好的吸附内毒素效果。

Preparation of millet porridge oil and its antibacterial and endotoxin adsorption effects

In this paper, the size of the inhibition zone is used as the evaluation index, and the orthogonal method is used to optimize the preparation process of millet porridge oil; vacuum freeze-drying technology is used to prepare millet porridge oil powder. The inhibition effect of millet porridge oil on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae was determined by Oxford cup method. Plate coating method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the tested bacteria, and to evaluate its antibacterial ability. At the same time, by measuring the growth curve, nucleic acid content analysis, and conductivity changes, to explore its antibacterial mechanism; The color matrix method was used to test the adsorption of bacterial endotoxin by millet porridge oil powder. The results showed that millet porridge oil had the largest inhibition zone against pathogenic bacteria under the conditions of soaking t ime 30 min, material-liquid ratio 1:20 (g / mL) and cooking time 25 min; Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae have a certain bacteriostatic effect, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of millet porridge oil on Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae is expected The liquid ratio is 1:20; the porridge oil will cause the material in the bacterial cell to leak out, resulting in increased nucleic acid content of the bacterial suspension, increased conductivity of the bacterial suspension, and death of the bacterial body ; Therefore, millet porridge oil has good antibacterial ability. Millet porridge oil powder prepared under the best process conditions and vacuum freeze-drying technology has good endotoxin adsorption effect.