蒙脱土/聚醚砜-双马来酰亚胺复合材料微观形貌及性能

采用十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（OTAC）作为改性剂、通过离子交换法制备了改性蒙脱土（OTAC-MMT）；以4，4'-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺（MBMI）、3，3'-二烯丙基双酚A（BBA）及双酚A双烯丙基醚（BBE）为原料制备了复合材料基体（MBAE）；利用原位聚合法将OTAC-MMT和聚醚砜（PES）掺杂基体中制备OTAC-MMT/PES-MBAE复合材料。XRD结果分析表明：OTAC-MMT层间距相对于Na-MMT有明显增大。SEM微观形貌显示：OTAC-MMT片层结构更加明显且分散均匀；复合材料的表面更加粗糙，改性蒙脱土分散均匀，PES与基体树脂呈两相结构，出现了向不同方向发展的银纹和微裂纹，呈韧性断裂。当OMMT质量分数为2%、PES为3%时，OTAC-MMT/PES-MBAE复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度分别为14.54 kJ·m^-2和149.12 MPa，较MBAE树脂分别提高了55.5%和47.2%。介电性能测试表明：OTAC-MMT/PES-MBAE复合材料介电常数和损耗略有上升，但仍满足材料的使用要求。

Micro-morphology and properties of modified MMT/PES-MBAE composite

Cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(OTAC) as modifier, modified montmorillonite(OTAC-MMT) was prepared via cation exchange. 4,4'-diamino diphenyl methane bismaleimide(MBMI), 3,3'-diallyl bisphenol A(BBA) and bisphenol-A diallyl ether(BBE) were used to synthesize MBAE matrix, OTAC-MMT/PES-MBAE composites were prepared from MBAE, OTAC-MMT and PES by in-situ polymerization method, respectively. The XRD result revealed that the interlayer spacing of OTAC-MMT increase obviously, which compared with Na-MMT. The SEM micro-morphology displayed that the layer structure of OTAC-MMT was more apparent and dispersed uniformly, the surface of composites were more rough than that of MBAE, PES and MBAE matrix presented two-phase, crazing and microcrack which direct in different directions were appeared, exhibited ductile fracture. When the mass fraction of OTAC-MMT was 2%, PES content was 4%, the impact strength and the bending strength of OTAC-MMT/PES-MBAE were 14.54 kJ·m^-2 and 143.12 MPa, enhance 55.5% and 47.2% than that of MBAE matrix, respectively. The dielectric constant and loss of the composite material showed a little increase while OTAC-MMT and PES exist, but OTAC-MMT could reduce the negative impacts of PES.