双向叶轮直驱式海浪发电装置设计与优化

为了降低海洋能源发电装置的发电成本、提升发电效率,研制了一种新型的双向叶轮直驱式海浪发电装置。采用经验算法和Fluent软件分别对装置的发电机、叶片、双向轴流泵和导流罩进行了设计优化。通过对安装20 W电机和200 W电机发电装置的水槽试验,分析了在不同工况和负载下,发电装置输出的直流电流值、直流电压值、发电功率以及获能效率。结果显示,波浪力能够直接驱动装置叶轮运转进行发电,不需经过中间环节转换,省去了二级发电损耗,在最低流速0.5 m/s的工况下装置能够自启动,而且水流的流向不影响装置的发电效率。从最终的获能效率可知,导流罩对于提升装置发电效率作用巨大。通过对此新型双向直驱式海浪发电装置的进一步研究表明,该发电装置尺寸及发电机功率是制约整个装置发电效率的关键,为下一步研制大型样机以及进行海试提供了依据。

Optimization and design of reversible impeller and direct-driven wave power generation device

In order to lower the power generation cost and enhance the power generation efficiency of the ocean power generation device，a new type of reversible impeller and direct-driven wave power generation device is developed. The designs of the generator，impeller，reversible axial flow pump and dome of the device are optimized with the relevant empirical algorithm and the software of Fluent respectively. Through the experiment with the flume installed with 20 W motor-generator and 200 W motor-generator，the DC current，DC voltage，generating power and energy-capture efficiency of the output of the power generation device under different working conditions and loads are analyzed. The result shows that the wave force can directly drive the impeller of the device to be operated for power generation without the conversion of intermediate link，and then the secondary power loss is saved，while the device can self-start under the working condition of the minimum flow rate of 0.5 m/s，moreover，the power generation efficiency is not impacted by the water flow direction. It is demonstrated from the final energy-capture efficiency that the dome has a great effect on enhancing the power generation efficiency of the device. This study introduces a new type of reversible impeller and direct-driven wave power generation device and is concluded that both the size and the power of generator are the key links to restrict the power generation efficiency of the whole device，thus provides a basis for the further development of large-sized prototype and the sea trial concerned.