生物柴油碳烟分散特性对液体石蜡摩擦学行为的影响

生物柴油碳烟（BDS）在润滑油中团聚会引起润滑油黏度增加和磨损加剧。为了提高BDS的分散性从而改善其在润滑油中的润滑性能，采用旋转黏度计和高频往复试验机分别考察分散剂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺（PIBSI）和钙盐清净剂（高碱值合成磺酸钙HACS、烷基水杨酸钙ACS、硫化烷基酚钙SCA）对含BDS的液体石蜡（LP）的分散特性和摩擦学行为的影响，借助X射线光电子能谱、Zeta电位仪、3D激光扫描显微镜和扫描电子显微镜附带能谱探究BDS分散和摩擦磨损机制。结果表明，与单一添加相比，PIBSI与HACS复合添加于含BDS的LP中，BDS表面的-OH含量最高，在LP中团聚态BDS的平均粒径最小，对BDS的分散效果最好；添加9%（PIBSI+HACS）于含5% BDS的LP时，磨损体积从7.73×10⁵ μm³降低到5.42×10⁵μm³，降幅为29.9%；机理分析显示（PIBSI+HACS）通过氢键吸附在BDS表面，阻碍LP中BDS团聚；（PIBSI+HACS）对BDS的分散和抑制BDS在摩擦表面吸附作用，起到提升含BDS的LP的抗磨性能的效果。

Dispersion of biodiesel soot and its influence on tribological behavior of liquid paraffin

Agglomeration of biodiesel soot (BDS) in lubricating oil can increase the viscosity of the lubricating oil and result in engine wear. In order to enhance the dispersion of BDS and improve the lubricity of the lubricating oil with BDS, the influence of polyisobutylene succinimide dispersant (PIBSI) and calcium salt detergents (high alkaline calcium sulfonate (HACS), alkyl calcium salicylate (ACS) and sulfuration calcium alkylphenol (SCA)) on the dispersion and tribological behavior of BDS in liquid paraffin (LP) was investigated by a viscosity method and a high frequency reciprocating test rig. The dispersion and tribological mechanism of BDS were carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Zeta potentiostat, 3D laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and its affiliated energy-dispersive spectrometry. Results showed that the BDS that adsorbed (PIBSI+HACS) had the highest content of -OH, the least average particle size in LP, and the best dispersant performance, as compared with single addition. The wear volume of LP including 9% (PIBSI+HACS) and 5% BDS decreased from 7.73×10⁵ μm³ to 5.42×10⁵ μm³-a decline of 29.9%. The mechanisms analysis showed that (PIBSI+HACS) adsorbed on the surface of BDS through the hydrogen bonds and impeded the particle aggregation of BDS. It also dispersed the BDS particles in LP and inhibited their adsorption on the friction surfaces. Hence, (PIBSI+HACS) can improve the antiwear performance of LP with BDS.