锻造技术在轻金属中的应用

随着社会的发展，材料的研发与设计向着轻量化、高强化发展，轻金属在航空航天以及汽车工业上表现出了良好的应用潜力，同时也对材料加工成形方式，如锻造技术等提出了更高的要求。简要介绍了金属锻造技术，如自由锻造、等温锻造和多向锻造技术，分析了锻造技术在轻量化金属如钛合金、铝合金以及镁合金上的应用，经过锻造处理后，金属的微观组织及力学性能得到了提升，锻件质量得到了改善。还介绍了数值模拟在锻造过程中模具设计及工艺优化上的研究及应用现状，同时对金属锻造未来向精密化、复杂化以及智能化的发展趋势进行了分析与展望。

Application of Forging Technology in Light Metals

With the development of society, the research and design of materials are developing towards light weight and high strength. Light metals have shown good application potential in the aerospace and automotive industries. At the same time, higher requirements are put forward on material processing and forming methods, such as forging technology. This article briefly introduced metal forging technologies, such as free forging, isothermal forging and multi-directional forging technology, and analyzed the application of forging technology to lightweight metals such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys. After forging, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the metals were significantly improved, and the quality of forgings was improved. The research and application status of numerical simulation in die design and process optimization in the forging process were also introduced. At the same time, the development trend of metal forging toward precision, complexity and intelligence was analyzed and prospected.