短电弧铣削加工中电弧特性实验研究

为减少短电弧铣削加工中火花放电及短路现象,保证电弧放电状态稳定,通过离子放电通道扩张规律、能量守恒定律推导电弧放电的伏安变化规律,将电弧放电波形分为3个特征阶段,作为电弧放电状态的判断依据,并通过放电波形验证理论的准确性。同时结合电弧断弧机制,建立机械断弧的几何模型,计算单脉冲电弧的持续时间,分析了电极转速对放电的影响;通过实验获取不同电弧持续时间下的微观形貌及电压电流波形,结果表明:电弧持续时间维持在0.5 ms时,加工质量较好,电弧放电稳定性高。研究结果为保证电弧加工过程中放电稳定性提供理论基础。

Experimental Study on Arc Characteristics in Short Arc Milling

In order to reduce the phenomenon of spark discharge in short arc milling and ensure the stability of arc discharge state, the volt ampere variation law of arc discharge was deduced through the expansion law of ion discharge channel and the energy conservation law. The arc discharge waveform was divided into three characteristic stages as the judgment basis of the arc discharge state, and the theory accuracy was verified through the discharge waveform. Combined with arc breaking mechanism, the geometric model of mechanical arc breaking was established, and the duration of single pulse arc was calculated, the influence of electrode speed on discharge was analyzed. The micro morphology and voltage and current waveforms under different arc duration were obtained through experiments. The results show that when the arc duration is maintained at 0.5 ms, the processing quality is better and the arc discharge stability is higher. The results provide a theoretical basis for ensuring the discharge stability in arc processing