阳离子双酯表面活性剂氯化2,3-二(硬脂酰氧基)丙基三甲基铵的合成

以自制的阳离子单酯表面活性剂氯化2-羟基-3-硬脂酰氧基丙基三甲基铵(CMESA)和硬脂酰氯为原料,经一步反应合成了阳离子双酯表面活性剂氯化2,3-二(硬脂酰氧基)丙基三甲基铵(CDESA)。研究了反应介质、反应时间和缚酸剂吡啶的用量对生成物CDESA收率的影响,通过元素分析、官能团分析和红外光谱确证其化学结构,最佳合成条件为:n(CMESA)∶n(硬脂酰氯)∶n(吡啶)=1∶1∶1,1,4-二氧六环为反应介质,回流加热反应3h,CDESA收率为93.1%。

Synthesis of Cationic Diester Surfactant 2,3-Bis(stearoyloxy)propyltrimethylammonium Chloride

2,3-Bis(stearoyloxy)propyltrimethylammonium chloride(CDESA) was prepared using 2-hydroxy-3-(stearoyloxy)propyltrimethylammonium chloride(CMESA) and stearyl chloride as staring materials by a single step reaction.The effects of reaction medium,reaction time and amounts of acid acceptor pyridine on the yield of the product CDESA were studied and its chemical constitution was proved by elementary analysis,ester value,hydroxyl value and IR spectrum.Thus,the reaction was conducted with n(CMESA)∶n(stearyl chloride)∶n(pyridine)=1∶1∶1 in 1,4-dioxan under reflux for 3 h to give CDESA in 93.1% yield.