入网电动汽车集群的分层控制方法

电动汽车（electric vehicle，EV）规模化接入电网需要合理的控制框架和算法。为了优化电动汽车的充放电管理，首先介绍了电动汽车代理商（aggregator）的概念，并在此基础上提出了一种电动汽车集群的分层控制架构。基于电动汽车分层控制的结构，构建了电动汽车双层优化控制数学模型，从而实现了电网负荷削峰填谷的目的。为了避免随着电动汽车数目增加导致的集中式方法难以求解的问题，提出了一种改进的求解算法，将高维的优化问题分解成多个低维的子优化问题，得到了很好的收敛特性，显著提高了计算效率。最后，通过不同的算例场景，验证了所提出模型与改进算法的有效性和实用性。

A Hierarchical Control Algorithm for Aggregated Electric Vehicles in Distribution Networks

A large number of electric vehicles （EVs） getting connected to power grid need feasible control architecture and optimization algorithm. In order to optimize the charging and discharging management of EVs， this paper first introduced the concept of EVs aggregator， and then proposed hierarchical control architecture for EVs. Based on the hierarchical control architecture of EVs， this paper constructed a bi-level optimization control model for EVs to achieve the goal of valley-filling. In order to avoid the difficulties in solving the optimization problem with the increasing of EVs， an improved solution algorithm was proposed， which decomposed the high-dimensional optimization problem into many low-dimensional ones， so has good convergence property and could greatly improve the computational efficiency. Finally， the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed model and improved algorithm were verified through different case scenarios.