聚乙烯醇/淀粉/MMT纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

以蒙脱土（MMT）为增强填料，采用熔融加工的方法制备了聚乙烯醇（PVA）/淀粉/MMT纳米复合材料，通过X射线衍射、差示扫描量热法、扫描电子显微镜、热失重法以及力学性能测试等方法研究了MMT含量对复合材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明，在熔融加工过程中，淀粉、PVA分子破坏了MMT片层结构；MMT提高了复合材料中PVA组分结晶温度，阻碍PVA分子排入晶格，降低了复合材料熔融焓值及结晶度；MMT有效提高了材料的拉伸强度、弹性模量，同时降低了复合材料的吸水速率、平衡吸水率，提高了耐水性能。

Preparation and Properties of PVA/Starch/MMT Nanocomposites

PVA/starch/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were prepared through melt processing. The effect of MMT on the structure and properties of PVA/starch composites was investigated by X-ray diffraction (SAXD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TG), mechanical testing, etc. Starch and PVA molecules destroyed layered structures of MMT during thermal processing. MMT could increase the crystallization temperature, and decrease the crystallinity and melting enthalpy of composites. Significant improvement of tensile strength and Young’s modules were observed due to the fine dispersion of the MMT layers and the strong interaction between MMT and the matrix. The water sorption decreased and water resistant property was improved with the incorporation of MMT, resulting by the restricted swelling of the matrix by MMT nanolayers.