由不同碳源合成洋葱状富勒烯

洋葱状富勒烯(onion-likefullerenes:OLFs)可通过各种高含碳物质(如石墨、金刚石及炭黑等)、甲烷、乙炔等有机化合物和碳化硅等含碳的无机化合物的转化来制备.根据不同的碳源,按不同的制备方法介绍了洋葱状富勒烯的研究现状,着重论述了煤基洋葱状富勒烯合成的研究进展,采用射频或微波等离子体法,以煤为原料制备了洋葱状富勒烯,用高分辨透射电镜(HR-TEM)对其形貌、尺寸与结构进行了观察,其外观呈准球状或多面体状,内中空,直径分布较均匀,石墨化程度很高,实现了洋葱状富勒烯的低温合成,在此基础上,结合等离子参数和煤的化学结构,初步探讨了煤基洋葱状富勒烯的生成机理.

SYNTHESIS OF ONION-LIKE FULLERENES FROM DIFFERENT CARBON SOURCES

Onion-like fullerenes(OLFs) could be prepared using different techniques from different carbon sources, such as carbonaceous materials (e.g. graphite, diamond or carbon black ), organic compounds ( e. g. methane, ethane, acetylene ), carbides (e. g. SiC ) and so on. In this paper, the advances of OLFs are reviewed depending on carbon sources and methods . The development of coal-derived OLFs synthesis was mainly described. OLFs were obtained from coal by microwave or radio frequency plasma. The morphologies and structures of the products were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Results reveals that the particles displayed a clear polyhedral or quasi-spherical morphology with hollow center, having a narrow diameter distribution and high degree of graphitization. The method realized low-temperature synthesis of OLFs.The formation mechanism of coal-derived OLFs was discussed in terms of plasma parameters and the chemical composition of coal.