Electronegative Low-Density Lipoprotein is Associated with Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein in Subjects with Different Levels of Cardiovascular Risk |
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Authors: | Ana Paula de Queiroz Mello Isis Tande da Silva Aline Silva Oliveira Valéria Sutti Nunes Dulcineia Saes Parra Abdalla Magnus Gidlund Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Faculdade de Saúde Pública,University of Sao Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil;2.Lipids Laboratory (LIM 10), School of Medicine,University of Sao Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil;3.Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of Sao Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil;4.Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences,University of Sao Paulo,S?o Paulo,Brazil |
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Abstract: | Dyslipidemias and physicochemical changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are very important factors for the development
of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, pathophysiological properties of electronegative low-density lipoprotein LDL(−)]
remain a controversial issue. Our objective was to investigate LDL(−) content in LDL and its subfractions (phenotypes A and
B) of subjects with different cardiovascular risk. Seventy-three subjects were randomized into three groups: normolipidemic
(N; n = 30) and hypercholesterolemic (HC; n = 33) subjects and patients with CAD (n = 10). After fasting, blood samples were collected and total, dense and light LDL were isolated. LDL(−) content in total
LDL and its subfractions was determined by ELISA. LDL(−) content in total LDL was lower in the N group as compared to the
HC (P < 0.001) and CAD (P = 0.006) groups. In the total sample and in those of the N, HC, and CAD groups, LDL(−) content in dense LDL was higher than
in light LDL (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.033, respectively) The impact of LDL(−) on cardiovascular risk was reinforced when LDL(−) content
in LDL showed itself to have a positive association with total cholesterol (β = 0.003; P < 0.001), LDL-C (β = 0.003; p < 0.001), and non-HDL-C (β = 0.003; P < 0.001) and a negative association with HDL-C (β = −0.32; P = 0.04). Therefore, LDL(−) is an important biomarker that showed association with the lipid profile and the level of cardiovascular
risk. |
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