尾矿库排洪系统设计及优化方法

尾矿库排洪系统是尾矿库安全设施的必要组成部分，排洪系统设计是尾矿库设计的核心问题之一。根据尾矿库排洪系统进水口水深受限的特点，介绍了目前经常使用的几种排洪系统形式，对几种基本流态（堰流、半压力流、压力流）进行了分析。分析结果表明，进水口断面是影响堰流流量的关键参数、进水口深度是影响半压力流量的关键参数、管（洞）断面是影响压力流流量的关键参数。对各种流态的流量随进水口水头的增加速度进行了分析，结果表明，从堰流进入半压力流后，增加速度会显著降低，半压力流的流量增加速度大于压力流。在一定的进水口水深及最大下泄流量下，给出了合理的泄流关系曲线，根据合理的泄流关系曲线进行排洪系统设计是最优的，参与调洪演算的流态为堰流，简化了调洪演算过程。最后阐述了尾矿库排洪系统设计与优化的具体步骤。

Flood Discharge System Design and Optimization Method of Tailings Dam

Tailings flood discharge system is a necessary part of the tailings safety facilities，flood discharge system design is one of the core problems in the tailings design.According to the characteristics of the tailings flood discharge system inlet water depth is limited， the commonly used several types of flood discharge system commonly used are introduced，the basic flow pattern (weir flow，and half pressure flow，pressure flow) are analyzed，and the analysis results show that the water inlet section is the key parameters affecting the weir flow，inlet depth is a key parameter to affect half pressure flow，pipe (hole) cross section is the key to affect the pressure flow parameters.For various flow pattern of flow rate with the increase of the inlet head speed was analyzed，and the results show that flow from the weir flow into half pressure，increase speed will be significantly reduced，half pressure flow increase speed is greater than the pressure flow.Under certain inlet water depth and the maximum discharge，the reasonable discharge curve is given，according to reasonable discharge curve flood discharge system design is optimal，only the weir flow participate in the flood regulating calculation，simplifies the process for flood regulating calculation，and finally expounds the tailings flood discharge system design and optimization of concrete steps.