矿用自卸车牵引梁结构分析及改进设计

建立车架中部牵引梁2种方案（方案一：圆形截面结构牵引梁；方案二：正八边形截面结构牵引梁）的三维模型和有限元模型，在边界条件相同的情况下，选择极限工况对2种方案进行强度和刚度的计算、分析、比较。其强度和刚度计算结果为：方案一最大应力为141.5 MPa，最大变形为 0.53 mm；方案二最大应力为 137.5 MPa，最大变形为0.503 mm；从计算结果上看，方案二的应力和变形均小于方案一，所以方案一为较优方案。从制作工艺上对2种方案进行比较，方案一中牵引梁为大直径圆形截面结构，需要用专用设备进行成型加工，制作工艺复杂；方案二中牵引梁为正八边形截面结构，可有2块钢板分别折弯、对焊而成，制作工艺简单，从工艺上可以得出方案二为较优方案。比较得出，方案二正八边形截面结构牵引梁的强度和刚度均能满足要求，工艺性更好，为较优方案。

Structure Analysis and Design Improvements on the Traction Beam of the Mining Dump Truck

The three-dimensional models and the finite element models of the two schemes (Scheme 1: The structure circular section of the traction beam；Scheme 2: The octagon section structure of the traction beam）for traction beam on the central frame is established. Under the same boundary conditions，the strength and stiffness of both schemes in extreme conditions are calculated，analyzed and compared. The results are shown as follows: at scheme 1，the maximum stress is 141.5 MPa，and the maximum deformation is 0.53 mm;at scheme 2，the maximum stress is 137.5 MPa，and the maximum deformation is 0.503 mm. According to the calculated result，the stress and deformation at scheme 2 are lower than that at scheme 1. So the scheme 1 is the better. Through comparing these two schemes from their manufacturing process，it is shown that the traction beam is made of large-diameter circular cross section structure in scheme 1，and molded with special equipment and complex manufacturing process. The traction beam in scheme 2 is made of octagon shaped structure，and formed by two welding and bending steel plate with simple manufacturability. So，the scheme 2 is the better in the manufacturing process. The conclusion is that scheme 2 with octagon section frame of traction beam is optimal because its strength and stiffness can meet the requirements with a better manufacturing process.