新型杯芳烃衍生物的合成及结构表征

以对叔丁基苯酚、甲醛、氢氧化钠、苯酚、浓硫酸、碳酸钠、正溴代烷烃等为原料，经缩聚反应、脱烷基化反应、磺化反应、醚化反应合成了一系列水溶性杯[4]芳烃低聚磺酸钠产品。利用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对中间体及产物进行了结构表征；证实了合成中间体和目标产物符合设计的分子结构。用滴体积法测定一系列表面活性剂水溶液25℃时的表面张力，结果表明，1-C4，1-C6，1-C8和1-C10表面活性剂分别能将水的表面张力降至32．06，34．96，42．35和45．35mN／m，临界胶束浓度分别为1．26×10^-1，0．32×10^-3，1．78×10^-3和1．2×10^-3mol／L。对所合成的表面活性剂进行界面张力扫描法测定，结果表明，当1-C4，1-C6，1-C8和1-C10表面活性剂的烷烃碳数分别为8，6，8，6时，表面活性剂的界面张力均达最小值。

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Calixarene Derivatives

A series of water - soluble calyx [ 4 ] arene alkyl - ether sulfonates were synthesized from p - tertbutylphenol, formaldehyde, phenol, sulfuric acid, and bromaoalkane by five - step process involving polycondesation, antialkylation, sulfonation and etherification. The intermediate and final product were characterized by IR and 1 H NMR. The intermediate and final product were confirmed to be the designed molecular structure. The surface tensions of a series of surfactant solutions were measured by drop - volume method at 25 ℃ and the result showed that 1 - C4,1 - C6,1 - C8, and 1 - C10 surfactants could decrease the surface tension of water to 32.06, 34.96, 42.35 and 45.35 mN/m respectively. The CMC values were 1.26×10^-3,0.32 ×10^-3, 1.78×10^-3 and 1.2×10^-3 mol/L. The interface tensions of the surfactants were the minium for 1 - C4, 1 -C6, 1 -C8, and 1 -C10 with carbon number in alkyl group in the surfactants.