非贵金属单原子催化剂的研究进展

单原子催化剂最大限度地提高金属利用率，提升催化剂的性能，并促进对多相催化的过程与机理的认识向原子级别层面深入。近年来非贵金属单原子催化剂发展迅猛，在某些特定反应中已达到媲美甚至超越贵金属催化的性能，为贵金属催化剂的替代提供了新的可能，表现出了极大的应用前景。综述了近年来非贵金属单原子催化剂的制备、表征方法及其在电催化、加氢及脱氢反应、液相氧化反应、光催化还原CO2等领域的应用研究进展，同时展望了非金属单原子催化剂的发展趋势。

Recent Advances in Non-Noble Metal Single Atom Catalysts

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) maximize the efficiency of metal atom use, improve the performance of catalysts and lead the understanding in heterogeneous process deep into atomic scale. Recent developments in non -noble metal SACs offer new opportunities for the replacement of noble metal catalysts. Non-noble metal SACs exhibited catalytic activity and selectivity comparable and even superior to noble metal catalysts in some specific reactions with great potential for industrial applications. Herein, recent advances in preparation, characterizations, and the application in electrocatalysis, hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, catalytic oxidations in liquid-phase and photocatalysis of non-noble metal SACs are summarized. Finally, current challenges and prospective for the development of non-noble metal SACs are discussed.