The effect of alfalfa-corn diets on cholesterol metabolism and gallstones in prairie dogs |
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Authors: | Bertram I Cohen Erwin H Mosbach Naoguki Matoba Sung Ock Suh Charles K McSherry |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center, First Ave. at 16th St., 10003 New York, NY;(2) Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York, First Ave. at 16th St., 10003 New York, NY;(3) Present address: Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, 110 Seoul, Korea |
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Abstract: | Cholesterol gallstones were present in prairie dogs fed alfalfa plus corn with and without exogenous cholesterol (0.4%). The
diets fed to the animals for eight weeks contained alfalfa plus corn in fixed proportions of 50∶50, 85∶15 and 15∶85 (w/w).
At sacrifice, all animals were healthy but had not gained weight; no deaths occurred during the experiment. Cholesterol gallstones
were present in all groups. In the absence of exogenous cholesterol, the highest stone incidence was found in the animals
which received the lowest fiber (highest corn) diets (alfalfa plus corn, 50∶50, 67%; alfalfa plus corn, 15∶85, 83%). Cholesterol
gallstone incidence was 100% when exogenous cholesterol was added to the alfalfa plus corn diets (50∶50 and 15∶85). No pigment
gallstones were detected in any animal. Liver and plasma cholesterol concentrations were highest in the animals receiving
alfalfa plus corn (15∶85) plus 0.4% cholesterol (4.29 mg/g, and 356 mg/dl, respectively). These values were lowest in animals
receiving 85% alfalfa plus 15% corn without cholesterol (2.19 mg/g and 88 mg/dl, respectively). Lithogenic indices were below
1.00 in all groups. Biliary bile acids were mainly amidates of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, with the former predominating.
Thus, gallstones can be formed in prairie dogs in the absence of exogenous cholesterol; gallstone incidence is reduced by
dietary fiber. |
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