建筑外墙节能构造改进研究

为了改进建筑外墙外保温节能构造不精细、节能率低、易开裂脱落等缺陷,采用案例调查、资料分析、理论演绎等方法,认为问题症结在于:节能构造设计思想局限于固体导热范围;防裂机制虽注意到"放",但仍以"抗"为主;热桥处理不彻底等。并提出建筑外墙节能构造的若干改进意见:开发以遏制辐射换热为主的节能构造;充分发挥空腔中空气的冬季保温性能和夏季流通散热的特性;设置变形小缝,形成以"放"为主的防裂机制;热桥处理既要注意完整包覆,又要注意连接件材质的改进。建筑外墙节能构造需要进一步改进,大胆创新与认真细致都是必要的。

STUDY ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF ARCHITECTURE'S EXTERIOR INSULATION STRUCTURE

In order to overconce the building′s exterior wall insulation′s defects such as energy-saving structure is not precise,energy-saving rate is low and easy shedding & cracking,the methods of case studies,data analysis and theoretical interpretation are used to identify the crux of the problem: the energy-saving design is confined to solid thermal conductivity;although the "release" is noted in crack control mechanism,yet still "resistance" mainly;the thermal bridge treatment is not completely,and so on.A number of energy-saving improvements on the construction of the external walls is proposed: To development of radiation-based energy-saving heat exchanger that can restrict heat radiation;giving full play to air cavity in the winter insulation performance and the summer thermal exchange and flow characteristics;setting up small seam of deformation,creating "release" in crack control mechanism;thermal bridge treatment should be perfected,and attention should be paid to the improvement on connectors material and so on.The exterior energy-saving structure still need further improvements;bold innovations and care are necessary.