基于遥感图像的黄河口近年演变特征分析

选取1996年、2000年每年一期和2006年～2009年每年两期(汛期和非汛期)黄河口卫星图像,通过分类处理提取海岸线,求得研究区内陆地面积,对比各时段黄河口地区变化;并选取1996年～2009年利津水文站水沙资料进行分析,与岸线、面积变化进行对比。得出黄河口地区受到水沙条件变化影响较大,1996年～2000年,受黄河断流影响,滩区面积减小;小浪底水库投运后,调水调沙效果显著,2000年～2006年滩区面积明显增加,但总面积仍然小于1996年;2007年以后由于水沙量减少,面积有所减小。黄河口地区近年来呈侵蚀态势,今后对黄河口陆地蚀退的改善和治理仍需重视。

Analysis on the Evolution of Yellow River Estuary in Recent Years Based on Remote Sensing Images

For analyzing the evolution of Yellow River estuary,ten remote sensing images are used as the data source,in which one image each year in 1996 and 2000 and two images each year from 2006 to 2009.The coastlines and land area in study area are extracted from remote sensing images.Combined with the hydrologic data from Lijin Hydrologic Station,the relations between coastline change and the runoffs and sediment loads are analyzed.The results show that the area of the estuary is greatly affected by the changes of runoff and sediment load.From 1996 to 2000,the area of the Yellow River estuary decreases because of the cutoff of River.After the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir,the area increases substantially from 2000 to 2006.Because the runoff and sediment load decreased,the estuary is eroded constantly after 2007.The estuary improvement should be seriously taken.