The effect of dietary n?3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on HDL cholesterol in Chukot residentsvs muscovites |
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Authors: | E Gerasimova N Perova I Ozerova V Polessky V Metelskaya I Sherbakova M Levachev S Kulakova Yu Nikitin T Astakhova |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Noncommunicable Disease Prevention of the USSR Research Centre for Preventive Medicine, 10, Petroverigsky Str., 101953 Moscow, USSR;(2) Institute of Nutrition, 109240 Moscow, USSR;(3) Institute of Therapy, 630003 Novosibirsk, USSR |
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Abstract: | Native Chukot Peninsula residents, in contrast to Muscovites, consume a diet rich in n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This
dietary peculiarity is reflected in differences in plasma lipid and apolipoprotein contents. The Chukot residents have lower
contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, but higher HDL
(high density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels than do Muscovites. The apolipoprotein A-I levels were identical in both groups.
A higher HDL cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I ratio was determined in the coastline Chukot residents (0.52±0.01) than in
Muscovites (0.43±0.01; p<0.01). In contrast to Muscovites, the coastline Chukot residents also had higher n−3 and lower n−6
polyunsaturated fatty acid percentages in plasma and erythrocyte lipids, and lower phosphatidylcholine and higher sphingomyelin
or phosphatidylethanolamine levels in HDL2b and HDL3. The higher HDL cholesterol levels in the plasma of the coastline Chukot residents appears to reflect the higher cholesterol-scavenging
capacity of their HDL.
We conclude from this study that the regular consumption of dietary n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by the coastline Chukot
residents decreased LDL cholesterol transfer from plasma to peripheral cells, and enhanced cholesterol efflux from cellular
membranes toward HDL. |
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