Absorption of anthocyanins through intestinal epithelial cells – Putative involvement of GLUT2 |
| |
Authors: | Ana Faria Diogo Pestana Joana Azevedo Fátima Martel Victor de Freitas Isabel Azevedo Nuno Mateus Conceição Calhau |
| |
Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;2. Department of Biochemistry (U38‐FCT), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal |
| |
Abstract: | Anthocyanins bioavailability is a major issue regarding their biological effects and remains unclear due to few data available on this matter. This work aimed to evaluate the absorption of anthocyanins at the intestine using Caco‐2 cells. Anthocyanin extract, rich in malvidin‐3‐glucoside, was obtained from red grape skins and tested on Caco‐2 cells. The absorption of anthocyanins, in absence or presence of 1% ethanol, was detected by HPLC/DAD/LC‐MS. Our results showed that this transport was significantly increased in the presence of ethanol especially after 60 min of incubation. In addition, cells that were pretreated for 96 h with anthocyanins (200 μg/mL) showed an increase of their own transport (about 50% increase). Expression of glucose transporters sodium‐dependent glucose transporter 1, facilitative glucose transporters 5, and facilitative glucose transporters 2 was assessed by RT‐PCR. It was found that facilitative glucose transporters 2 expression was increased (60%) in Caco‐2 cells pretreated with anthocyanins, by comparison with controls. When the effect of anthocyanin extract on 3H‐2‐deoxy‐D ‐glucose uptake was tested, an inhibitory effect was observed (about 60% decrease). However, the malvidin aglycone was tested and had no effect. In conclusion, anthocyanins could be absorbed through Caco‐2 cells, and can interfere with their own transport and also with glucose intestinal uptake. |
| |
Keywords: | Anthocyanin in vitro bioavailability Caco‐2 cells Glucose transporters Glucose uptake Malvidin‐3‐glucoside |
|
|