Preparation of nanosize polyaniline by solid‐state polymerization and determination of crystal structure |
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Authors: | Sambhu Bhadra Nam Hoon Kim Kyong Yop Rhee Joong Hee Lee |
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Affiliation: | 1. Email:bhadra sambhu@yahoo.com;4. BIN Fusion Research Team, Department of Polymer and Nano Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Duckjin‐dong 1Ga 664‐14, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‐756, South Korea;5. Department of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Duckjin‐dong 1Ga 664‐14, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561‐756, South Korea;6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyonghee University, Seochun‐dong 1, Yongin‐si, Kyongki‐do 446‐701, South Korea |
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Abstract: | BACKGROUND: Nanosize polyaniline has several advantages in both the fabrication of nanodevices and for preparing nanoscale electrical connections in highly conducting polymer composites. RESULTS: Nanosize polyaniline with a diameter of 30–60 nm was prepared using a solid‐state polymerization process (PANI‐S) by mixing an equimolar quantity of ammonium persulfate and anilinium chloride crystals with a mortar and pestle. Polyaniline was also synthesized using a conventional oxidative polymerization method (PANI‐C) in an aqueous medium for comparison. Conductivity and contact angle measurements, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out. An in‐depth investigation of the crystal structure of these polymers was carried out through powder X‐ray diffraction analysis. CONCLUSION: PANI‐S exhibited lower conductivity due to the presence of less emeraldine base form, lower crystallinity, greater d‐spacing and greater inter‐chain separation than PANI‐C. The hydrophilicity and thermal stability of PANI‐S were higher than those of PANI‐C. The unit cell volume of PANI‐S was much higher, resulting in a larger crystallite size and a greater number of atoms in the unit cell than PANI‐C. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry |
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Keywords: | conducting polymers crystal structures X‐ray diffraction Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) UV‐visible |
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