2003-2007年中国1060起细菌性食源性疾病流行病学特征分析

目的了解我国细菌性食源性疾病暴发的发生趋势、流行特征。方法根据中国食源性疾病监测网2003-2007年报告资料,分析细菌性食源性疾病发病率、住院率等流行病学指标的时间趋势、地区差异、人口学特征,以及发病人群的病原体分布、原因食品比例以及引发事件因素等特征。结果2003-2007年食源性疾病监测网报告细菌性食源性疾病暴发事件共1060起,涉及发病人数32261例,住院16426例,死亡16例。夏秋季是高发季节;6～15岁年龄组人群为重点关注人群;副溶血性弧菌为我国最主要的食源性致病菌,畜禽肉类食品是主要的原因食品,自制粮食类食品是导致死亡的最重要食品,食品加工不当是导致疾病的最主要因素。结论细菌性食源性疾病仍是我国主要的公共卫生问题,食源性疾病监测网需要进一步建设和完善。

Epidemiological Characteristics of Bacterial Foodborne Disease During the Year 2003-2007 in China

Objective To understand the trends and epidemiological characteristics of bacterial foodborne disease outbreaks. Method Based on the data from the national monitoring network on foodborne disease reported in 2003-2007, analysing the incidence, hospitalization rate and mortality caused by bacterial foodborne disease events, and their epidemiological characteristics on time trends, regional differences, demographic characteristics, also the food attribution, main pathogens and main causes. Results The outbreaks of bacterial foodborne diseases reported to the national monitoring network in 2003-2007 were 1060 events, involving 32 261 cases, 16 426 hospitalizations and 16 deaths. Summer and autumn were the high incidence seasons for foodborne diseases. The 6-15 year groups were the focus population. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the most important pathogen, livestock and poultry meat were the main causing food, and self-made grains were the leading cause of death for foodborne diseases in China. Incorrect procession of food was the most important cause of outbreaks. Conclusion The outbreak caused by bacterial foodborne diseases is still a important issue on public health in China. Foodborne disease monitoring network remains to be further improved.