尿素合成塔爆炸事故的数值模拟研究

针对尿素合成塔爆炸事故及过程分析,采用数值方法对尿素合成塔塔顶部的气相空间爆炸进行模拟,找出冲击波形成、传播规律、强度和进入液相传播的时间差;综合模拟冲击波进入液相传播的时间差和传播速度,计算得到冲击波在液相中位于尿素塔底部的叠加点位置及对应的冲击波叠加压力。结果表明,叠加后冲击波的压力显著增加,其强度足以造成该处筒体破坏,过热液体瞬间气化喷出,从而引发破坏更大的二次爆炸。

Numerical Simulation Research on Urea Reactor Explosion Accidents

The explosion process of urea reactor was studied. In order to investigate the shock wave formation and the characteristics of its propagation, the explosion of gas phase in the top regime of urea reactor was simulated numerically. Based on the simulation of shock wave propagation in the liquid phase, the shock wave velocity was obtained. The superposition point and the superimposed pressure for the shock wave in the liquid phase were determined by considering the propagation velocity and time difference of entering the liquid for the shock wave. The results showed that the shock wave pressure increased significantly after superposition, and the pressure was high enough to break the reactor at that point. The super high temperature liquid gasified and released out quickly, resulting in more hazardous secondary explosion.