焊缝性能影响因素的研究进展

埋弧焊和氩弧焊的焊缝合金元素及其含量、热输入、晶粒长大、预热温度、冷却速度和峰值温度对焊缝组织与力学性能均有一定的影响。总结了国内外对焊缝组织和力学性能的各种影响因素的相关研究,研究结果表明合金元素(如Mn、Cr、Ni、Mo等)能明显提高焊缝力学性能,每种元素都有合适的添加范围;焊缝接头强度和韧性以及伸长率随热输入的增大而减小;冷却速度的范围是8～12s。通过控制添加合金元素可以有效提高焊缝力学性能并改善焊缝组织,控制合理的热输入范围和冷却速度可提高焊缝的韧性。

Research Progress in Influence Factors of Weld Bead Properties

Alloying elements in weld bead,heat input,grain growth,preheat temperature and cooling rate as well as peak temperature of SAW(Shield arc welding) and GTAW(Gas tungsten arc welding) have certain effects on the microstructure and mechanical property of the welded zone.Part of these factors how of to influence the microstructure and mechanical properties are summarized according to the research in the world.Alloy elements,such as Mn,Cr,Ni,Mo,etc,can improve the mechanical properties of weld bead notably.Each element could have addition scope.Both the strength and toughness of weld joint decrease with the heat input increasing.The cooling speed is thought to be in the range of 8~12s.The common view includes that the mechanical properties and microstructure can be effectively improved by controlling the addition of alloying element,the toughness of weld joint will become better with reasonable heat input and cooling rate.