聚合物改性SiO2气凝胶的研究进展

采用聚合物对SiO2气凝胶进行改性,是改善其质脆易碎性的一种行之有效的方法,开创了一种对气凝胶改性的崭新思想。总结了聚合物改性SiO2气凝胶的原理、方法、进展及其性能。SiO2气凝胶经聚合物改性后,强度通常可提高2个数量级,柔韧性可调,而本身的体积密度仅增加几倍,其原有的纳米孔隙结构及其优良性能得以保留。但是,这种改性气凝胶还有诸多有待改进的地方,如常压干燥技术的研究、体积密度和热导率的降低、制备过程的简化以及耐高温性能的改善等。

Advances in Studies on Polymer Modified Silica Aerogels

Modifying silica aerogels using polymer is an effective way to alter the inherent fragility and brittle nature of silica aerogels.This creates a new thought to modify silica aerogels.The manufacture principle,preparation methods,research progress and properties of this polymer modified silica aerogels are summarized.The mechanical properties of it can be improved two orders of magnitude and the flexibility of it is adjustable,while the density of it only increases several times without notable drop of other superior properties.However,some worthwhile improvements can be made,such as ambient pressure drying technology research,density and thermal conductivity reduction,preparation process simplification,high temperature resistant performance improvement.