感应熔覆制备镍基合金涂层的研究进展

在实际的工业应用中,大部分工件处于交变载荷、高应力以及强腐蚀的环境中,严峻的服役条件将会大大缩短工件的实际使用寿命。工件表面往往直接接触不利因素,所以工件的整体失效基本是从表面开始。熔覆涂层技术是一种常见的金属材料表面处理技术,可以大幅度改善工件表面性能,且具备生产效率高、生产成本低、可获得大面积熔覆层等优点,受到了人们的广泛关注。熔覆涂层的制备技术主要有激光熔覆、氩弧熔覆、等离子熔覆以及高频感应熔覆。其中,高频感应熔覆技术的应用成本较低。以高频感应熔覆技术为支撑,对高频感应熔覆技术路线进行阐述,主要包括预处理、涂层预制、感应熔覆等,并对各过程中可能对熔覆质量造成影响的因素进行阐述。最后对镍基合金涂层(镍基复合涂层、原位合成制备镍基复合涂层)的制备工艺进行综述,并对制备过程中存在的部分问题及今后的发展方向进行综述。

Research Progress in Preparation of Ni-based Alloy Coating by Induction Cladding Technology

In practical industrial applications, most workpieces are in alternating load, high stress and strong corrosive environment, severe service conditions will greatly shorten actual service life of the workpieces. As the surface of workpieces is often in direct contact with unfavorable factors, overall failure of the workpieces basically originates from the surface. Cladding coating technology is a common surface treatment technology for metallic materials, which can greatly improve surface performance of workpieces and has various advantages including high production efficiency, low production cost and large cladding area, thus it has aroused wide concern. Preparation technologies of cladding coating mainly include laser cladding, argon arc cladding, plasma cladding and high frequency induction cladding, high frequency induction cladding technology is less expensive in application. Supported by high frequency induction cladding technology, the technical route of high frequency induction cladding mainly including: pretreatment, coating prefabrication, induction cladding, etc. was illustrated, and the factors possibly affecting cladding quality during each process were explained. Finally, preparation process of Ni-based alloy coating (Ni-based composite coating and in-situ synthesis preparation of Ni-based composite coating) was reviewed, and some problems in the preparation process and future development direction were reviewed as well.