我国海水淡化的现状与钛的应用

海水淡化是解决人类水资源危机的重要途径。重点介绍了蒸发法中的多级闪蒸、多效蒸发,以及膜法中的反渗透海水淡化方法,并分析了各种方法的优缺点、现状和发展方向;总结了世界范围内各种海水淡化装置中钛的应用情况,讨论了与铜管相比,钛管的性能、成本等指标的优劣性,着重分析了今后海水淡化方法及钛在海水淡化中应用的发展方向。分析认为,今后海水淡化产业在世界范围内的发展将更加迅速,中国也将成为海水淡化产业发展的主要市场之一;随着"十二五"规划对今后海水淡化原材料、装备制造自主创新率的明确要求,国产钛材在海水淡化产业中的应用必将迎来新的发展机遇。

Present Situation of Seawater Desalination and Titanium Applications in China

Seawater desalination is an important way for resolving water resources crisis. The strong points and week points, present situation and development direction of the current main desalination methods were introduced, which include multi-stage flash desalination, multi-effect distillation and reverse osmosis. Meanwhile, the application of titanium in the seawater desalination equipments was summarized. The indicators of titanium pipes, like performance, cost and so on were discussed in comparison with the brass pipe. Finally the seawater desalination methods used in future and the development directions of the application of titanium in seawater desalination were analysed. In conclusion, the development of seawater desalination would be more quickly in worldwide, and China would become one of the main markets of seawater desalination. The explicit requirements of raw material about seawater desalination and equipment manufacturing self-innovation were made in Twelfth Five-year Program. The domestic titanium alloys would be more widely used in the seawater desalination field.