乙醇补料发酵技术研究进展

作为一种可再生的清洁能源，燃料乙醇的开发利用备受关注，对其发酵工艺的研究也日益深入。近年来，补料发酵工艺逐渐应用于燃料乙醇的生产研究中，并以其降低基质抑制和减轻纤维素稀酸水解液中有毒成分的影响等优点而显示了良好的发展潜力，但由于发酵过程的复杂性和对补料控制策略的研究尚不深入等存在的问题，使该技术在燃料乙醇规模化生产中的应用受到制约。本文介绍了国内外乙醇补料发酵研究的主要进展，着重概述补料发酵技术在乙醇两大重要发酵工艺——纤维素乙醇工艺和超高浓度乙醇发酵工艺中的应用以及补料调控策略等，并提出该领域进一步研究应留意的方向，如应加强乙醇补料发酵动力学和控制理论、新型传感器与在线监测技术等方面的研究。

Advances in fed-batch ethanol fermentation technologies

As a renewable and clean energy，development and utilization of fuel ethanol has attracted much attention，and consequently there is increasingly in-depth research of the fermentation processes. In recent years，various approaches of fed-batch fermentation have been attempted to investigate their suitability for ethanol production and eventually demonstrated their good potential with the advantages，such as decreased substrate inhibition，and alleviated effects of the toxic compounds released in the dilute-acid pretreatment of lignocellulose. However，due to the existing problems，such as complexity of ethanol fermentation process and lack of in-depth investigations into feeding control strategies，the application of this technology to large-scale production of fuel ethanol has been restricted. This paper reviews major progress of ethanol fed-batch fermentation technologies，particularly focusing on the application of fed-batch approaches to ethanol production using lignocellulose as feedstock and high concentration ethanol fermentation，as well as specific fed-batch control strategies. Finally，more efforts should be made to understand fed-batch ethanol fermentation kinetics and feeding control theory，and to develop new types of sensors and online monitoring technologies.